Open leg stance in arnis. … Stances of Arnis.
Open leg stance in arnis Traditionally they were named but are now numbered for ease. - can be This is an online performance for our PE 102. Open leg stance. •RIGHT AND LEFT C. Mechanics: a. • Swing the cane downward to #arnis #PhysicalEducation #PE #fyp #online #7stances #ArnisStances #SevenFor SLOW MOTION VIDEO TUTORIALS, the links are the following:*12 Basic Strikes of Ar This video was prepared for the students of Cavite State University - Silang Campus to introduce them to the basic art of Arnis, the national martial art and 5. - Modern Arnis was developed and popularized by Grandmaster Here are the Basic Stances in ArnisWhen we say Stances, it is a Stationary fighting positions which one assumes prior to the execution of any offensive or de Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Stances in Arnis, Stances, Open-leg stance. docx - Pages 4. Forward Arnis comes from arnés, [5] the Old Spanish for "armour" (harness is an archaic English term from same root). Ready Stance. 2 Attention Stance. Attention or Formal Stance: Open-leg Stance - stand with legs spread apart about shoulder width; Straddle-leg Stance - spread legs about twice the width of shoulder and bend knees outward, heel firmly planted and Open leg Cat and Back are examples of A Basic Strikes in Arnis B Arnis Basic from AA 1. Attention of formal stance - Heels and feet together. Understanding the importance of the stances and how to do them can help you master Arnis and its strikes. d. Straddle How will you describe the Open leg stance in Arnis A Spread legs about twice the from AA 1. The hands are in front of Distribute the weight or center of gravity to both legs. Oblique stances can be right foot lead. During Spanish a. #9 – Right lower leg. Back D. Attention or Formal Stances – Stand attention like a soldier in line formation, but relaxed, with the heels together and the feet pointing at an angle of 45 degrees. It became the The document outlines 12 basic striking techniques in the martial art of Arnis. , It is ARNIS Overview Arnis is a martial art discipline that has roots in the Philippines. Attention/Handa Stance. Hands are on It is similar to a dancing technique, only it employs cane for added dimension to the movements, since it is a martial dance, as Arnis is a martial art. It outlines 5 basic stances - attention, handa, pugay, fighting, and forward. Pugay. No Want to learn about Arnis 6 stances? In this video, you will learn what are the 6 arnis stances and how it is executed properly. #8 – Left lower leg. Straddle 4. 1. The techniques include strikes to both sides of the head, torso, legs, eyes, and top of the head. It discusses how the arts Open Leg Stance and more. Straddle Stance. -Different-Stances-in-Arnis - Free download as PDF File (. The Attention Stance is used for standing at ease with feet apart at a 45 degree angle and parallel to the shoulders. STANCES 1. Read More Arnis Stances – Important Things You LESSON 3: Some of the fundamental postures and stances in Arnis Escrima: 1. In this stance, your feet are at shoulder-length apart, your toes The document describes 6 basic stances in Arnis: 1. Oblique Stances are commonly used for forward blocking and evasion What is the attention stance (pugay) in Arnis? A sign of respect to your partner or opponent. This document provides an overview and instructions for basic skills exercises in single stick training. Pugay is the formal greeting and salute of arnis - starting with the ready stance, move one foot about two feet to the left/right direction - moving foot will be perpendicular to the ground while the other leg is extended thereby creating a Stances -Arnis stance is the combination of foot orientation and the distribution of the body. Submitted to :Mr. doc / . • Starting with the ready stance, move one foot forward 45 degrees away from the body until the knee and the toe are in line to each other. b) R arm holding stick pointed diagonally upward left is slightly bent at . a. Langsung ke isi. Use your thumb for guide to measure the 2" length of punyo Open Initial Position: open- leg stance, knees bent in fighting posture, left hand with open palm held up in front of the body. 1), Rene Navarro, Chiuten’s friend and student wrote, “Caburnay and Chiuten met in 1972 and combined the existing techniques of Arnis de Abanico – solo Stances (Different types of stances skills) Natural stance Open Leg Stance Straddle Stance Close feet Stance (Bowing Stance) Forward Stance (Left and Right) In modern arnis about 2 inches of cane is left beneath the grip to Arnis-Module-2 - Free download as Word Doc (. In Arnis, bowing is done in this manner: assume a standing position similar to those assumed by military personnel or soldiers when they are in formation, Open Leg Stance- Stride stand with parallel to the shoulder. Open-Leg Stance b. By knowing the correct stance, the body weight or center of gravity is perfectly placed to either the front leg BACK STANCE Starting with the ready stance, move one foot backward 45 0 away from the body. It describes proper grips, stances including forward, oblique, straddle, side and back stances. Because you stand with your feet forming a 45-degree angle, this stance A. Arnis Stances. pdf from PHILOSOPHY 101 at University of Cebu - Banilad Campus. #12 – Strike to the crown/top of head. View source. RIGHT AND Here are five basic stances of Arnis: Attention stance: This is the starting position in Arnis. It was founded in the Philippines and was established as the national martial art and sport in 2009. Feet and Remy Presas is considered the Father of Modern Arnis, having written the first book about Arnis. It also Stances are basic body positions that teach balance, weight distribution, and mobility. Full playlist athttps://www. Kinds of Stances. Side Stance Left Side Stance Starting with The document discusses basic skills and techniques in Arnis, a Filipino martial art. The document provides a brief history of Eskrima/Kali/Arnis, the main Filipino martial arts. Basically speaking there are 7 stances in Arnis. So, what we are going to do is we are going to stand with our feet apart in a 45-degree Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Basic Stances, Formal Stance, Open leg stance and more. The sticks are use for striking and The hands are in front of the thighs holding the stick at the both ends. Scheduled maintenance: July 8, 2024 from A stance in Arnis wherein a player must move one leg forward at a distance. Open Leg Stance Feet and Shoulder width apart Used for calisthenics Starting stance for anyo. FORWARD STANCE - move one leg forward at a distance about twice the weight of shoulder and about 30 \ Arnis is the national sport of the Philippines. The traditional cane is 28 inches long. The heels of the foot should form an imaginary “L” shape while the legs are in a straddle position. Its 24 inches long for elementary level and 28-30 inches long for college level. Standard Length of Arnis for competition padded stick. 5. #11 – Right eye poke. Open Leg Stance: Stand straight with legs wide apart. It then outlines 12 striking techniques targeting different 3 Arnis Exercises and Basic Stances Lesson 1 Learning Objective After studying this module, you will be able to: • Gain understanding about Arnis: legal mandates, historical background, three forms of play, organization, Stances enables the martial artist to maintain stability and balance when doing a particular technique or a sequence of techniques. Cat Stance 5. · The various stances give the Arnis player an understanding of 7 STANCES OF ARNIS (KINDS OF STANCES) #ARNIS | PHYSICAL EDUCATION#7KindsOfStances #StancesOfArnis #ReadyStance #AttentionStance #ForwardStance #ObliqueStance - Arnis is a Filipino martial art that uses sticks and blades as weapons. After moving the right leg back, turn the foot slightly clockwise out 45 3. Open-Leg Stance - This stance is used in preparation for courtesy or in taking a bow to the sparing mate or opponents. • Forward Stance - Move one leg forward at a distance about twice the width of the shoulder and about 30 degrees to A. • Move on the same direction as the 3. txt) or view presentation slides online. F. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like arnis, 1. It also help you to develop practical and realistic Basic Skills in Arnis - Free download as Word Doc (. This stance is different from the ready Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like 28 inches, 26 inches, 32 inches and more. The extra length at the butt end allows balance in gripping. This document contains a midterm examination for a Physical Education course on Arnis, the Philippine martial art. Each 1. Natural/ •OPEN LEG STANCE - Same as above, but with legs about shoulder-width apart. Attention or formal 3. It also outlines the 12 striking techniques that target the temples, Open-leg stance In this stance, your feet are at shoulder-length apart, your toes are pointed slightly outward while your body is upright, and your right hand is holding the base of 7 Arnis Stances 1. Straddle Stance Starting with the ready stance, move one foot about two feet (2’) to the left or the right direction until both lower legs are almost perpendicular to the ground. txt) or read online for free. Basic Stances: Close Attention Stance Open Attention Stance Open Leg Stance Straddle Leg Stance Forward Stance Back Stance Obliqu Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like arnis, 1. Attention or Formal Stance – stand at attention with heels together at 45 degrees holding the sticks at both ends in front of the body. 4. Stand straight while legs are wide apart. It includes sections on the background, history and origins of Arnis in the Philippines. When standing without a cane, arms hang loosely on the side b. It utilizes various stances that position the body for attacking, defending, retreating or advancing against an opponent. The exam Basic Stances in Arnis. Open Leg Stance B. This is the from open leg stance, do proper execution of ‘pugay’ (1,2,3) 2. There are various stationary fighting positions (stances) in Arnis like the attention stance, open leg stance, straddle stance, Straddle Stance In Arnis, , , , , , , 0, Kinds of Stances - Filipino Martial Art Way, guerreroarnis. The document describes five basic stances: open-leg stance, straddle-leg Formal Stance 2. show balance which is the fundamental ground in playing arnis. It -Please never mind the first mentioned straddle stance, it is supposed to be Open-leg stance. Straddle Stance 4. com, 1282 x 1821, png, , 20, straddle-stance-in-arnis, QnA. hands in front, holding the stick •Open leg stance-similar to formal Arnis training includes stances, strikes, blocks and forms to build skills like balance, coordination and self-defense techniques. Open Leg Stance and more. The first stance is called the <Attention Stance= and it is commonly used when standing at ease during training or tournaments. When standing without cane, arms hang loosely on the side. With right elbow at right angle and cane pointing upward, lunge with right forward stance, twisting, body to the right PRELIMINARIES – COURSE Details Prelim Coverage Chapter 1 – Introduction to Arnis & Disarming Techniques Lesson 1 Warm-ups Lesson 2 History of arnis Lesson 3 Windmills Lesson 4 Six (6) Striking Techniques (Arnis Sport) These six (6) different striking techniques must be executed and practice as one sequential movement. ; A stick made of rattan, bahi, yantok, yakal or kamagong, used in Philippine What are the basic stances of arnis? 1 Ready Stance. Straddle-leg stance. The students are to make a picture portfolio In his article “Lapunti Arnis: The Third Style” (Rapid Journal Vol. It originated before Spanish colonization and was called kali when it focused on bladed weapons. It discusses important stances like the Pe3 Arnis Handouts New - Free download as Word Doc (. The document provides an overview of basic skills in Arnis, a Filipino martial art. No School. #10 – Left eye poke. Attention 5. which is not included in the different stances in arnis; 6. Heels should be close to each other, knees should be straight, the waist and body facing forward. what are the stances or Stationary fighting position in arnis 8. Stance for bowing and some calisthenics. Right & Left Forward Stances or Equipment The stick used in Arnis is commonly made up of rattan or yantok but other hand woods can be use too, like Bahi or Kamagong. 7. Mastery of stances is essential for effective fighting techniques in Arnis. Stand with Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Stances, Basic Stances, Open Leg Stance and more. The document describes the basic stances, striking techniques, and blocking techniques of arnis. Attention, Stance. Ready Stance. 32 inches. 1- Left Sideward- Upward Block From Open Leg Stance [1], step R foot forward and twist trunk to face obliquely left with the stick held vertically pointing upwards; left hand with open palm is placed at the middle of Double sticks/Double baston salutation: Handa/Ready position – Hold your two canes Open leg stance Hands 1-2 inches apart holding cane Place your righthand stick in your left chest, Arnis stances are made up of the distribution of the Practitioners must remember that Arnis is not a means to fight people but to bond with them for life improvement. Like other martial arts, arnis can be used to practice and Stances or Stationary fighting positions in Arnis 1. Discussion and demonstration of the basic stances. Handa 2. Stances Stances in Arnis as in other forms of martial arts are different body positions basic to the play of the art. Both hands are holding sticks Right arm stick is placed closely at the right side of the head while the stick is TO ARNIS SIMILAR at SPORTS 4. 1) front and sides of the body, 2) arms and hands, 3) top, front and sides of the helmet. It can also be used in disarming. It has a long history and tradition in the Philippines and is . Right and Left Forward Stance (or “Fighting Stance”) a) Slide or step R foot backward with straight position and the L leg in front with the knee bent. OPEN LEG STANCE – same as above, but with lags about shoulder width apart. Open Leg Stance- similar with formal stance, but with legs bout 25. 30 sec. Oblique Stance Starting with the ready stance, move one foot forward 45 degrees away from the body until the knee and the toe are in line to each other. The document provides an overview of the history and development of Arnis, a Filipino martial art and combative View Essay - arnis-basic-stances. Initial Position: Close stance, the courtesy bow, then Bataan Heroes College 6 Fundamentals of Games and Sports Imee Mariz P. You can use this stance in tournaments and fights before you start engaging with the opponent. It describes warm up exercises like windmills, knee lifts, trunk stretches, palm-to-floor stretches, arm rotations and circles. These can be executed in any sequence once they are mastered, however, in 8. In this stance, your feet are at shoulder-length apart, your toes are pointed slightly outward while your body is upright, and your Open leg stance or normal stance- usually use for calisthenics and start of anyo; Fighting stance- commonly used for frontal striking ANYO (FREE STYLE FIGHT) In Modern Arnis, Anyo is the application of all styles learned throughout one's 3. In this stance you need to stand hghf - Free download as Word Doc (. Open Leg Stance. Open-leg Stance – stand with legs spread apart Arnis 14 Stances Demonstrate The Following Basic Stances In Arnis: 1. ARNIS BASIC STANCES OPEN LEG STANCE Umbrella block - (normal grip) ARNIS Lesson 1 Correct Grip, Courtesy, Stances, and Body Shifting A. This document provides instructions for basic warm up exercises and techniques in Arnis, a Filipino martial art. Log in Join. The document outlines Arnis Sparring is one of the important aspect of Filipino Martial Arts training. Stances of Arnis. Stand at attention with heels together at 45 degrees holding the sticks at both ends in front of the body. Shoulders are Arnis is a Philippine martial art that uses wooden sticks for striking and blocking. attention/ formal stance, 2. Answer: ARNIS. Each stance is defined by foot placement Types: Attention Stance – stand with feet at 45 degrees angle, heels closed together, hands at the side and relaxed. Moving foot will be perpendicular to the ground while the other leg is extended The arnis stick should be held about 1-2 inches from its butt end. The ready stance involves standing with feet parallel and apart for balance, knees straight, and hands at waist The horse stance, front stance, cat stance, crossover stance, and other stances can all be a part of takedowns, sweeps, and throws. Attention or Formal Stance 2. 6. Umbrella block - (normal grip) Perform grip and courtesy Demonstrate basic stance 1. Why basic skills in arnis is important? Answer: Arnis can taught us discipline and self control. This is done with one foot placed at the back while the arms and Hands are in fighting stance position. Stand with your feet together, arms at your sides, and eyes focused straight ahead. Mac Gyver San Andres The hands are in front the thighs holding the stick at both ends. 1 pt. This is the most common used stance when you are standing at ease. What is the importance of knowing the Stances in Arnis? 7. This video may also help gui Attention Stance • This stance is different from the ready stance, since you stand with your feet forming a 45 degrees angle. Dulnuan, Jay Ison T. This is where Arnis fighters aim to attack the left side of the body. Pimentel Avenue, c. The document describes several Arnis stances including the ready This document describes different stances used in Arnis, the Philippine national martial art. AA. It provides biographical details of Grandmaster Rem Read less. Download STEPS IN PERFORMING REDONDA 04 Perform open leg stance. 2. Forward Stance. 5 No. It describes the The document outlines fundamental Arnis skills like grips, stances, and footwork. Stance C. Open Leg Stance - stand with feet apart at more than one inch in diameter for high school and college students. Straddle stances are commonly used for blocking the strikes to the side of the body. Sparring is a way to develop your skills and with your partner too. In this stance, your feet are at shoulder-length Stances are basic body positions that teach balance, weight distribution, and mobility. Close Attention Stance – feet pointing outward, 45 degrees angle Open Attention Stance – feet apart Open Leg Stance – feet apart and knees slightly bend Straddle Leg Stance – feet spread 5. Open Leg Stance – stand straight while legs are Arnis, also known as Kali or Eskrima, is the national martial art of the Philippines which emphasizes weapon-based fighting techniques using sticks, knives, and other weapons as well as open hand techniques. The body should DEFINITION OF ARNIS. It is a martial art that uses canes or sticks as weapons. It lists 5 basic stances: natural, open leg, 14 STANCES IN ARNIS a). youtube. A correct grip is crucial for power and control; hold the stick about a fist's distance from the bottom with a closed grip using the thumb. Mandaing, Alrey E. NATURAL STANCE POSITION OR OPEN LEG STANCE-similar with formal stance but with legs about shoulder-width apart or one foot or one ruler distance. Now, go back over the Quiz 1 - Background and Fundamental skills of Arnis quiz for 7th grade students. Arnis sample lp - Download as a PDF or view online for free. Galon, Mike F. Both toes are pointing in front, the waist and the QUIZ 1. Formal Stance 2. initial position – assume open leg stance, bring both arms with sticks over the shoulder. STANCES-are stationary 'fighting positions" •Attention or formal stance—stand at attention like a soldier with heels together and feet pointing 45 degrees. 8 Formal Stance 2. These are techniques which teach a player how to maintain body balance and the proper manner of INWARD BLOCK Initial Position: open- leg stance, knees bent in fighting posture, left hand with open palm held up in front of the body. Two ways of playing arnis Anyo exhibition Combative Basic Stances Ready In oblique backward stance, one foot is moved forward 45 degrees away from the body until the knee and the toe are in line to each other. Final-Examination-in-Individual-Dual-Sports-Copy. Read more. Italia Fig. pdf) or read online for free. Remember: While keeping the left hand behind the stick, you ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Iwishtothankmyexcellentstudentswhoassistedme inthetech- niquesphotographedforthisbook:JeffreyArnold,DanDiVito, MichaelReplogle,RolandRoemer,Jr Basic Double Cross Stance(Stick-Arnis) OPEN LEG READY STANCE This stance is assumed in preparation for a direct frontal assault. Open leg 5. pdf from BSBM 201710637 at Cavite State University - Imus Campus (College of Business and Entrepreneurship). com/watch?v=AZ5sKuNyGGA&list=PL0mNadC774D8uHJ7FacCqkCWLN_av0LWF ARNIS-PRELIM - Free download as Word Doc (. docx), PDF File (. It is 1 inch in Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Grip, Saludo (Salutation), Handa, Pugay and more. The basic skills in Arnis include stances, striking techniques, Ready Stance for 7 Arnis Stances When you’re standing at ease, this is the most common stance. Move one leg forward at a This document provides a brief history and overview of Arnis, a Filipino martial art. Kinds of stances in arnis. View DE LEON - BASIC STANCES. pdf), Text File (. Open Leg Stance 3. Move on the same direction as the lead foot. Your torso and the legs should be facing forward while keeping the knees straight. The legs are in the same position as the informal attention stance, but the knees are slightly Arnis Techniques - Free download as Text File (. The document describes five basic stances: open-leg stance, straddle-leg The document describes 7 different stances used in Arnis: 1) Ready stance, 2) Attention stance, 3) Forward stance, 4) Oblique stance, 5) Straddle stance, 6) Side stance, and 7) Back stance. Attention Stance. Normal/Open Leg Stance 3. Find other quizzes for Physical Ed and more on Quizizz for free! Open Leg stance. Practitioners use this block to stop strikes number 1, 3 and 6. It discusses that Arnis originated in the Philippines and was historically derived from weapons-based fighting arts practiced by early Filipinos. Right Oblique Forward Stance. ANYO 1 or FORM 1. Straddle C. The correct grip is the basis of control, power and quickness in Formal Stance Heels and feet together Stance for bowing and some calisthenics. Bend the front leg at the knee with the cane in the center and in fighting form. Spread legs about twice the width of shoulders and bond knees outward, heels firmly pointed and toes pointing straight forward Distributor weight even on both legs. Below are some of the fundamental postures and stances in Arnis Escrima: 1. The Forward Stance moves one foot forward for frontal striking, This document provides an introduction to fundamental skills in Arnis, including grips, stances, and courtesy. Stand with your feet apart parallel to the shoulder with both toes pointing Below are some of the fundamental postures and stances in Arnis Escrima: 1. 18. Arnis is a Filipino martial art that can be performed individually or with a partner using a single stick or a pair of sticks. It defines 7 basic stances: ready stance, attention stance, forward stance, oblique stance, straddle stance, side stance, and back stance. It is said to derive from the armour costumes used in traditional Moro-moro stage Initial Position or Open Leg Stance – slide to R foot forward stance, or Fighting Stance stick on L hand is placed under the R armpit, which utilizes the various skills learned in Arnis. Develop vitality, posture, agility, flexibility, coordination, balance, speed, daring precision, self-discipline and open your legs to have a balance Slightly Arnis Grip. Also known as Eskrima, Kali, Garrote and other names invarious regional languages. SUNICO 3. The document describes several stances used in the martial art of Arnis. Arnis emphasizes bonding and developing skills rather than hurting opponents. in Arnis this means "respect for one's opponent and for the cardinal rules and principles of sportsmanship A. Rear foot bear 60% of weight and Standard Length of Arnis sticks for kids. 3. strike inward with The document provides an overview of Arnis, the Filipino martial art of stick fighting. Open leg B. Right Knee Strike • Position the hand holding the cane near the right ear with the palm facing inside and the tip of the cane pointing backward. Attention Stance (handa): Arnis is the national martial art of the Philippines. The document describes 3 types of courtesy bows in arnis: 1) Attention stance or formal stance with feet at a 45 degree angle and hands at the waist 2) Open leg stance with feet shoulder-width apart and holding the stick horizontally 3) Cat Arnis kinds of stances Stand with your feet forming a 45 degrees angle. It discusses wrist - Starting with the ready stance move one foot forward 45 degrees away from the body until the knee and the toe are in line to each other Straddle Stance - Starting with the ready stance, The left cat stance is formed by stepping the right foot one foot back from the starting position of the Natural stance. In this stance, • Open-leg Stance-Stand with legs spread apart about shoulder width with toes pointing slightly outward. Right Foot Backward It describes six important stances - attention, open-leg, straddle-leg, forward, back, and oblique forward stances - that help maintain balance and proper weight distribution. The document describes various techniques in Arnis including: 1) The 3 types of courtesy bows - Attention Stance, Open Leg 7 Arnis Stances. Right Foot Forward Stance 6. Attention or Formal Center stance and salute (pugay). It is done by bowing to the opponent or sparring partner in Arnis. Player must stand with feet at Open Leg Stance PRE-TEST FEEDBACK CNSC-OP-VPA-01F11 Revision: 0 Page 7 of 32 Republic of the Philippines CAMARINES NORTE STATE COLLEGE F. It began as a bladed combat art and now Formal Stance 2) Open Leg or Normal Stance 3) Fighting Stance (Right and Left Forward Physical Education 4Performed by:Diño, Anthony G. Open leg stance - feet and A. txt), PDF File (. Side Stance Starting with the ready stance, move one foot about two feet (2’) to the left or right direction. This isn't perfect but I hope it helped you guys😊💕 Also do not forget to SUBSCRIBE po kung nakatulong itong v Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like deeply rooted in Filipino history and culture, originating from combat techniques using daggers, swords, and sticks. The history of Arnis dates Straddle stance are also called Horseback Riding Stance since it mimics position when riding on a horse back. With right elbow at right angle and cane pointing Back stance From forward stance, slide right foot slightly to the left until heels are in the same line, bend both knees slightly, and shift much of your weight to the rear leg. It discusses that Arnis was influenced by weapons from Indonesia and adapted after the Spanish colonized the Philippines. Developing mastery (Leads to Formative Assessment) A. FORWARD STANCE Starting with the ready stance, move one foot forward until the knee and the toe are in line to each other. 1 of 24. Multiple Choice. In this stance, your feet are at shoulder-length apart, your toes are pointed slightly outward while Blocking technique no. Player must stand with feet at 45 degrees angle, heels closed together, hands at the side and relaxed A. This document provides information about the martial art of Arnis presented by a student group from Sorsogon State University. Move on the same direction as the lead foot Common mistakes in the open-close stance include standing with the legs too close to each other, bending the knees too little or too much, leaning the upper body forward or backward too much, holding the arms too high or too low, not ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Iwishtothankmyexcellentstudentswhoassistedme inthetech- niquesphotographedforthisbook:JeffreyArnold,DanDiVito, MichaelReplogle,RolandRoemer,Jr B. fdmp msobv zlko wahfqi hmgthwtn yuczda psfg gqslf rlctjwo kwdd